What is the role of beta blockers in cardiac surgery patients in the immediate preoperative period?

The role of beta blockers in cardiac surgery patients during the immediate preoperative period is critical, particularly in managing heart rate and controlling blood pressure. Continuing beta blockers helps minimize the risk of atrial fibrillation, which is a common postoperative complication in these patients. Atrial fibrillation can lead to increased morbidity and prolong hospital stays, so maintaining beta blocker therapy is crucial for hemodynamic stability.

By keeping the beta blockers in the regimen, patients may experience better heart rate control and a reduction in the incidence of postoperative arrhythmias, which contributes to improved outcomes. The tolerability of beta blockers in the perioperative setting is well-documented, and their continuation can help mitigate stress responses induced by surgery, further enhancing cardiovascular stability.

Conversely, other options associated with holding or substituting beta blockers can potentially increase the risk of complications like hypertension, tachycardia, or atrial fibrillation post-surgery. Thus, continuing beta blocker therapy is considered a best practice in the care of cardiac surgery patients leading up to the procedure.